Optogenetics
Optogenetics is a powerful technique that enables precise control of specific populations of neurons using light. By leveraging genetic tools, we can drive the expression of light-sensitive ion channels (opsins) in targeted neuronal subtypes, such as inhibitory neurons or projection neurons connecting defined brain regions. When exposed to light, these opsins open or close to allow ion flow across the cell membrane, thereby activating or silencing the targeted neurons. Different opsins can be used to either excite or inhibit neural activity with high temporal precision.
This method is particularly valuable in our research because it allows us to test the role of distinct neural circuits in auditory perception and behavior. By selectively manipulating specific neuronal populations during auditory tasks, we can determine how they contribute to sound processing, spatial localization, and decision-making, providing critical insight into the circuit-level mechanisms underlying hearing and its disruption in disease.
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